AD823ARZ-R7 datasheet(13/20 Pages) AD

13 / 20 page

AD823

Rev. B | Page 13 of 20

THEORY OF OPERATION

The AD823 is fabricated on the Analog Devices, Inc. proprietary

complementary bipolar (CB) process that enables the construction

of PNP and NPN transistors with similar fT’s in the 600 MHz to

800 MHz region. In addition, the process also features N-Channel

JFETs that are used in the input stage of the AD823. These

process features allow the construction of high frequency, low

distortion op amps with picoamp input currents. This design

uses a differential output input stage to maximize bandwidth

and headroom (see Figure 36). The smaller signal swings

required on the S1P/S1N outputs reduce the effect of the

nonlinear currents due to junction capacitances and improve

the distortion performance. With this design, harmonic

distortion of better than −91 dB @ 20 kHz into 600 Ω with

VOUT = 4 V p-p on a single 5 V supply is achieved. The

complementary common emitter design of the output stage

provides excellent load drive without the need for emitter

followers, thereby improving the output range of the device

considerably with respect to conventional op amps. The

AD823 can drive 20 mA with the outputs within 0.6 V of the

supply rails. The AD823 also offers outstanding precision for a

high speed op amp. Input offset voltages of 1 mV maximum

and offset drift of 2 μV/°C are achieved through the use of the

Analog Devices advanced thin film trimming techniques.

A nested integrator topology is used in the AD823 (see Figure 37).

The output stage can be modeled as an ideal op amp with a

single-pole response and a unity-gain frequency set by

transconductance gm2 and Capacitor C2. R1 is the output

impedance of the input stage; gm is the input transconductance.

C1 and C5 provide Miller compensation for the overall op amp.

The unity-gain frequency occurs at gm/C5. Solving the node

equations for this circuit yields

()

[]

()

⎟⎟

⎠

⎞

⎜⎜

⎝

⎛

⎥⎦

⎤

⎢⎣

⎡

OUT

where:

A0 = gmgm2 R2R1 (open-loop gain of op amp)

A2 = gm2 R2 (open-loop gain of output stage).

The first pole in the denominator is the dominant pole of the

amplifier and occurs at ~18 Hz. This equals the input stage

output impedance R1 multiplied by the Miller-multiplied value

of C1. The second pole occurs at the unity-gain bandwidth of

the output stage, which is 23 MHz. This type of architecture

allows more open-loop gain and output drive to be obtained

than a standard 2-stage architecture would allow.

VCC

VINP

VINN

VEE

R42

R37

R33

R43

Q56

S1P

Q72

Q61

Q46

VBE +0.3V

S1N

Q53

Q35

Q48

VCC

Q21

Q62

Q60

Q54

R44

R28

Q52

Q59

A = 1

Q17

A = 19

VOUT

Q18

Q49

Q55

Q43

Q44

A = 1

Q57

A = 19

Q58

Figure 36. Simplified Schematic

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