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ATmega16U4 Datasheet(PDF) 190 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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ATmega16U4 Datasheet(HTML) 190 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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190 / 408 page  190 7766D–AVR–01/09 ATmega16U4/ATmega32U4 Table 18-1 contains equations for calculating the baud rate (in bits per second) and for calculat- ing the UBRRn value for each mode of operation using an internally generated clock source. Note: 1. The baud rate is defined to be the transfer rate in bit per second (bps) BAUD Baud rate (in bits per second, bps) f OSC System Oscillator clock frequency UBRRn Contents of the UBRRHn and UBRRLn Registers, (0-4095) Some examples of UBRRn values for some system clock frequencies are found in Table 18-9 on page 211. 18.2.2 Double Speed Operation (U2Xn) The transfer rate can be doubled by setting the U2Xn bit in UCSRnA. Setting this bit only has effect for the asynchronous operation. Set this bit to zero when using synchronous operation. Setting this bit will reduce the divisor of the baud rate divider from 16 to 8, effectively doubling the transfer rate for asynchronous communication. Note however that the Receiver will in this case only use half the number of samples (reduced from 16 to 8) for data sampling and clock recovery, and therefore a more accurate baud rate setting and system clock are required when this mode is used. For the Transmitter, there are no downsides. Table 18-1. Equations for Calculating Baud Rate Register Setting Operating Mode Equation for Calculating Baud Rate(1) Equation for Calculating UBRR Value Asynchronous Normal mode (U2Xn = 0) Asynchronous Double Speed mode (U2Xn = 1) Synchronous Master mode BAUD f OSC 16 UBRRn 1 + () ------------------------------------------ = UBRRn f OSC 16BAUD ------------------------ 1 – = BAUD f OSC 8 UBRRn 1 + () --------------------------------------- = UBRRn f OSC 8BAUD -------------------- 1 – = BAUD f OSC 2 UBRRn 1 + () --------------------------------------- = UBRRn f OSC 2BAUD -------------------- 1 – = |
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