AD4003 datasheet(21/38 Pages) AD

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Data Sheet

AD4003/AD4007/AD4011

Rev. B | Page 21 of 38

In applications where the amplifier rails are greater than VREF

and less than ground, it is possible for the output to exceed the

input voltage range of the device. In this case, the AD4003/

AD4007/AD4011 internal voltage clamp circuit ensures that the

voltage on the input pin does not exceed VREF + 0.4 V and

prevents damage to the device by clamping the input voltage in a

safe operating range and by avoiding disturbance of the reference,

which is particularly important for systems that share the

reference among multiple ADCs.

If the analog input exceeds the reference voltage by 0.4 V, the

internal clamp circuit turns on and the current flows through

the clamp into ground, preventing the input from rising further

and potentially causing damage to the device. The clamp turns

on before D1 (see Figure 37) and can sink up to 50 mA of current.

When the clamp is active, it sets the overvoltage (OV) clamp flag

bit in the register that can be read back (see Table 14), which is

a sticky bit that must be read to be cleared. The status of the

clamp can also be checked in the status bits using the OV clamp

flag (see Table 15). The clamp circuit does not dissipate static

power in the off state. Note that the clamp cannot sustain the

overvoltage condition for an indefinite amount of time.

The external RC filter is usually present at the ADC input to

band limit the input signal. During an overvoltage event,

excessive voltage is dropped across REXT and REXT becomes part

of a protection circuit. The REXT value can vary from 200 Ω to

20 kΩ for 15 V protection. The CEXT value can be as low as 100

pF for correct operation of the clamp. See Table 1 for input

overvoltage clamp specifications.

Differential Input Considerations

The analog input structure allows the sampling of the true

differential signal between IN+ and IN−. By using these

differential inputs, signals common to both inputs are rejected.

Figure 38 shows the common-mode rejection capability of the

AD4003/AD4007/AD4011 over frequency. It is important to

note that the differential input signals must be truly antiphase in

nature, 180° out of phase, which is required to keep the common-

mode voltage of the input signal within the specified range

around VREF/2 as shown in Table 1.

100

10k

100k

FREQUENCY (Hz)

Figure 38. CMRR vs. Frequency, VDD = 1.8 V, VIO = 3.3 V, VREF = 5 V, 25°C

Switched Capacitor Input

During the acquisition phase, the impedance of the analog

inputs (IN+ or IN−) can be modeled as a parallel combination

of Capacitor CPIN and the network formed by the series connection

of RIN and CIN. CPIN is primarily the pin capacitance. RIN is typically

400 Ω and is a lumped component composed of serial resistors

and the on resistance of the switches. CIN is typically 40 pF and

is mainly the ADC sampling capacitor.

During the conversion phase, where the switches are open, the

input impedance is limited to CPIN. RIN and CIN make a single-

pole, low-pass filter that reduces undesirable aliasing effects and

limits noise.

RC Filter Values

The RC filter value (represented by R and C in Figure 33 to

Figure 36) and driving amplifier can be selected depending on

the input signal bandwidth of interest at the full throughput.

Lower input signal bandwidth means that the RC cutoff can be

lower, thereby reducing noise into the converter. For optimum

performance at various throughputs, use the recommended RC

values (200 Ω, 180 pF) and the ADA4807-1.

The RC values shown in Table 10 are chosen for ease of drive con-

siderations and greater ADC input protection. The combination

of a large R value (200 Ω) and small C value results in a reduced

dynamic load for the amplifier to drive. The smaller value of C

means less stability and phase margin concerns with the amplifier.

The large value of R limits the current into the ADC input when

the amplifier output exceeds the ADC input range.

Table 10. RC Filter and Amplifier Selection for Various Input Bandwidths

Input Signal Bandwidth (kHz)

R (Ω)

C (pF)

Recommended Amplifier

Recommended Fully Differential Amplifier

<10

See the High-Z Mode section

ADA4940-1

<200

200

180

ADA4807-1

ADA4940-1

>200

200

120

ADA4897-1

ADA4932-1

Multiplexed

200

120

ADA4897-1

ADA4932-1

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