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Data Sheet

AD5791

Rev. E | Page 19 of 27

THEORY OF OPERATION

The AD5791 is a high accuracy, fast settling, single, 20-bit,

serial input, voltage output DAC. It operates from a VDD supply

voltage of 7.5 V to 16.5 V and a VSS supply of −16.5 V to −2.5 V.

Data is written to the AD5791 in a 24-bit word format via a 3-wire

serial interface. The AD5791 incorporates a power-on reset

circuit that ensures the DAC output powers up to 0 V with the

VOUT pin clamped to AGND through a ~6 kΩ internal resistor.

DAC ARCHITECTURE

The architecture of the AD5791 consists of two matched DAC

sections. A simplified circuit diagram is shown in Figure 49.

The six MSBs of the 20-bit data-word are decoded to drive 63

switches, E0 to E62. Each of these switches connects one of 63

matched resistors to either the VREFP or VREFN voltage. The

remaining 14 bits of the data-word drive the S0 to S13 switched

of a 14-bit voltage mode R-2R ladder network. To ensure

performance to specification, the reference inputs must be force

sensed with external amplifiers.

S13

E62

E61

14-BIT R-2R LADDER

.....................

..........

VREFPF

VREFPS

VREFNF

VREFNS

VOUT

SIX MSBs DECODED INTO

63 EQUAL SEGMENTS

Figure 49. DAC Ladder Structure

SERIAL INTERFACE

The AD5791 has a 3-wire serial interface (SYNC, SCLK, and

SDIN) that is compatible with SPI, QSPI, and MICROWIRE

interface standards, as well as most DSPs (see Figure 2 for a

timing diagram).

Input Shift Register

The input shift register is 24 bits wide. Data is loaded into the

device MSB first as a 24-bit word under the control of a serial

clock input, SCLK, which can operate at up to 50 MHz. The

input register consists of a R/W bit, three address bits, and

twenty register bits as shown in Table 7. The timing diagram for

this operation is shown in Figure 2.

Table 7. Input Shift Register Format

MSB

LSB

DB23

DB22

DB21

DB20

DB19

DB0

R/W

Table 8. Decoding the Input Shift Register

R/W

Description

No operation (NOP; used in readback operations

Write to the DAC register

Write to the control register

Write to the clearcode register

Write to the software control register

Read from the DAC register

Read from the control register

Read from the clearcode register

X is don’t care.

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