TLV825 datasheet(21/54 Pages) TI2

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6.3.2 Input Common-Mode Range

The TLVx825 are specified for operation from 1.8V to 5.5V (±0.9V to ±2.75V). The TLVx825 is classified as a

rail-to-rail input operational amplifier because of the wide input common-mode voltage (VCM) range that extends

100mV beyond either supply rails. This range makes them an excellent choice for single supply operation and

precision low-side, high-side current sensing applications. The device achieves a typical CMRR of 120dB or

higher across the entire common-mode range for both 1.8V and 5.5V supply rails.

6.3.3 Output Range

The TLVx825 delivers a robust output drive capability. An output stage with common-source transistors is used

to achieve full rail-to-rail output swing capability. The device is designed to have a typical output short circuit

current of ±60mA at room temperature and at 5.5V, making the device an excellent choice for driving resistive

and current loads. For resistive loads up to 2kΩ and a power supply of 5.5V, the output swings within a

maximum of 30mV to either supply rail, thereby using almost the entire input range of an ADC in ADC driver

applications.

6.3.4 Capacitive Load and Stability

The TLVx825 is designed for use in applications where driving a capacitive load is required. As with all

operational amplifiers, there can be specific instances where the device can become unstable. The particular

operational amplifier circuit configuration, layout, gain, and output loading are some of the factors to consider

when establishing whether or not an amplifier is stable in operation.

An operational amplifier in the unity-gain (1V/V) buffer configuration that drives a capacitive load exhibits a

greater tendency to be unstable than an amplifier operating at a higher noise gain. The capacitive load,

in conjunction with the operational amplifier output resistance, creates a pole within the feedback loop that

degrades the phase margin. The degradation of the phase margin increases when capacitive loading increases.

When operating in the unity-gain configuration, the TLVx825 has a phase margin of 60° with 100pF of capacitive

load. The device remains stable with pure capacitive loads up to approximately 350pF with acceptable phase

margin of 35° and has no sustained oscillations up to 1nF. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) of some very

large capacitors (greater than 1μF) is sometimes sufficient to alter the phase characteristics in the feedback

loop such that the amplifier remains stable. Increasing the amplifier closed-loop gain allows the amplifier to drive

increasingly larger capacitance. This increased capability is evident when measuring the overshoot response of

the amplifier at higher voltage gains.

One technique for increasing the capacitive load drive capability of the amplifier operating in a unity-gain

configuration is to insert a small resistor (typically 10Ω to 50Ω) in series with the output, as shown in Figure 6-1.

This resistor significantly reduces the overshoot and ringing associated with large capacitive loads. This action

is typically the circuit configuration used in ADC driver application with Cload serving as a charge bucket for the

ADC sampling capacitor.

load

–

out

iso

–V

Figure 6-1. Improving Capacitive Load Drive

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TLV825, TLV2825, TLV4825

SLVSLE3 – MAY 2026

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