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LTC4011 Datasheet(PDF) 14 Page - Linear Technology

Part # LTC4011
Description  High Efficiency Standalone Nickel Battery Charger
PDF  26 Pages
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Manufacturer  LINER [Linear Technology]
Direct Link  http://www.linear.com
Logo LINER - Linear Technology

LTC4011 Datasheet(HTML) 14 Page - Linear Technology

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LTC4011

4011fb
operaTion
12
CC
EA
ITH
IPROG
R3
Q
PWM CLOCK
S
R
R4
R1
BAT
11
SENSE
RSENSE
15
BGATE
17
TGATE
LTC4011
VCC
P
N
R2
4011 F02
Figure2.LTC4011PWMControlLoop
PWMCurrentSourceController
AnintegralpartoftheLTC4011isthePWMcurrentsource
controller.Thechargerusesasynchronousstep-down
architecturetoproducehighefficiencyandlimitedthermal
dissipation.Thenominaloperatingfrequencyof550kHz
allowsuseofasmallerexternalfiltercomponents.The
TGATEandBGATEoutputshaveinternallyclampedvolt-
ageswings.Theysourcepeakcurrentstailoredtosmaller
surface-mountpowerFETslikelytoappearinapplications
providinganaveragechargecurrentof3Aorless.During
thevariouschargingstates,theLTC4011usesthePWM
controllertoregulateanaveragevoltagebetweenSENSE
andBATthatrangesfrom10mVto100mV.
AconceptualdiagramoftheLTC4011PWMcontrolloop
isshowninFigure2.
The voltage across the external current programming
resistorRSENSEisaveragedbyintegratingerroramplifier
EA.Aninternalprogrammingcurrentisalsopulledfrom
inputresistorR1.TheIPROG•R1productestablishesthe
desiredaveragevoltagedropacrossRSENSE,andhence,
theaveragecurrentthroughRSENSE.TheITHoutputof
theerroramplifierisascaledcontrolcurrentfortheinput
ofthePWMcomparatorCC.TheITH•R3productsetsa
peakcurrentthresholdforCCsuchthatthedesiredaver-
agecurrentthroughRSENSEismaintained.Thecurrent
comparatoroutputdoesthisbyswitchingthestateofthe
SRlatchattheappropriatetime.
Atthebeginningofeachoscillatorcycle,thePWMclock
setstheSRlatchandtheexternalP-channelMOSFETis
switchedon(N-channelMOSFETswitchedoff)torefresh
thecurrentcarriedbytheexternalinductor.Theinductor
current and voltage drop across RSENSEbegintorise
linearly. During normal operation, the PFET is turned
off(NFETon)duringthecyclebyCCwhenthevoltage
differenceacrossRSENSEreachesthepeakvaluesetby
theoutputofEA.Theinductorcurrentthenrampsdown
linearlyuntilthenextrisingPWMclockedge.Thiscloses
theloopandmaintainsthedesiredaveragechargecurrent
intheexternalinductor.
LowDropoutCharging
Afterchargingisinitiated,theLTC4011doesnotrequire
thatVCCremainatleast500mVaboveBATbecausesitu-
ationsexistwherelowdropoutchargingmightoccur.In
oneinstance,parasiticseriesresistancemaylimitPWM
headroom (between VCCandBAT)as100%chargeis
reached.AsecondcasecanarisewhentheDCadapter
selectedbytheenduserisnotcapableofdeliveringthe
currentprogrammedbyRSENSE,causingtheoutputvolt-
ageoftheadaptertocollapse.Whileinlowdropout,the
LTC4011PWMrunsnear100%dutycyclewithafrequency
thatmaynotbeconstantandcanbelessthan550kHz.
Thechargecurrentwilldropbelowtheprogrammedvalue
toavoidgeneratingaudiblenoise,sotheactualcharge
delivered to the battery may depend primarily on the
LTC4011chargetimer.
InternalDieTemperature
TheLTC4011providesinternalovertemperaturedetection
toprotectagainstelectricaloverstress,primarilyatthe
FETdriveroutputs.Ifthedietemperaturerisesabovethis
thermallimit,theLTC4011stopsswitchingandindicates
afaultaspreviouslydiscussed.



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