9100 datasheet(23/108 Pages) INTEL

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Dual-Core Intel® Itanium® Processor 9000 and 9100 Series Datasheet

Electrical Specifications

2.5

System Bus Signal Quality Specifications and

Measurement Guidelines

Overshoot (or undershoot) is the absolute value of the maximum voltage above the

nominal VCTERM voltage (or below GND), as shown in Table 2-3. The overshoot/

undershoot specifications limit transitions beyond VCTERM or GND due to the fast signal

edge rates. The processor can be permanently damaged by repeated overshoot or

undershoot events on any input, output, or I/O buffer if the charge is large enough

(that is, if the overshoot/undershoot is great enough). Determining the impact of an

overshoot/undershoot condition requires knowledge of the magnitude, the pulse

duration, and the activity factor (AF).

2.5.1

Overshoot/Undershoot Magnitude

Magnitude describes the maximum potential difference between a signal and its voltage

reference level. For the processor, both are referenced to GND, as shown in Figure 2-3.

It is important to note that overshoot and undershoot conditions are separate and their

impact must be determined independently. Overshoot/undershoot magnitude levels

must observe the absolute maximum specifications listed in Table 2-13 through

Table 2-17. These specifications must not be violated at any time, regardless of bus

activity or system state. Within these specifications are threshold levels that define

different allowed pulse duration. Provided that the magnitude of the overshoot/

undershoot is within the absolute maximum specifications, the pulse magnitude,

duration, and activity factors must all be used to determine if the overshoot/

undershoot pulse is within specifications.

Figure 2-3. System Bus Signal Waveform Exhibiting Overshoot/Undershoot

000588

CTERM

Maximum

Absolute

Overshoot

Maximum

Absolute

Undershoot

Time-dependent

Overshoot

Time-dependent

Undershoot

REF

GND

MIN

MAX

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