ATmega88 datasheet(192/340 Pages) ATMEL

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7530H–AVR–02/09

ATmega48/88/168 Automotive

18. USART in SPI Mode

The Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter (USART) can be

set to a master SPI compliant mode of operation. The Master SPI Mode (MSPIM) has the follow-

ing features:

• Full Duplex, Three-wire Synchronous Data Transfer

• Master Operation

• Supports all four SPI Modes of Operation (Mode 0, 1, 2, and 3)

• LSB First or MSB First Data Transfer (Configurable Data Order)

• Queued Operation (Double Buffered)

• High Resolution Baud Rate Generator

• High Speed Operation (fXCKmax = fCK/2)

• Flexible Interrupt Generation

18.1

Overview

Setting both UMSELn1:0 bits to one enables the USART in MSPIM logic. In this mode of opera-

tion the SPI master control logic takes direct control over the USART resources. These

resources include the transmitter and receiver shift register and buffers, and the baud rate gen-

erator. The parity generator and checker, the data and clock recovery logic, and the RX and TX

control logic is disabled. The USART RX and TX control logic is replaced by a common SPI

transfer control logic. However, the pin control logic and interrupt generation logic is identical in

both modes of operation.

The I/O register locations are the same in both modes. However, some of the functionality of the

control registers changes when using MSPIM.

18.2

Clock Generation

The Clock Generation logic generates the base clock for the Transmitter and Receiver. For

USART MSPIM mode of operation only internal clock generation (i.e. master operation) is sup-

ported. The Data Direction Register for the XCKn pin (DDR_XCKn) must therefore be set to one

(i.e. as output) for the USART in MSPIM to operate correctly. Preferably the DDR_XCKn should

be set up before the USART in MSPIM is enabled (i.e. TXENn and RXENn bit set to one).

The internal clock generation used in MSPIM mode is identical to the USART synchronous mas-

ter mode. The baud rate or UBRRn setting can therefore be calculated using the same

equations, see Table 18-1:

Table 18-1.

Equations for Calculating Baud Rate Register Setting

Operating Mode

Equation for Calculating Baud

Rate(1)

Equation for Calculating UBRRn

Value

Synchronous Master

mode

BAUD

fOSC

UBRRn 1

()

---------------------------------------

UBRRn

fOSC

BAUD

--------------------

–

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