ESP32 datasheet(27/64 Pages) ESPRESSIF

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3. Functional Description

• bias and regulators

• balun and transmit-receive switch

• clock generator

3.4.1 2.4 GHz Receiver

The 2.4 GHz receiver demodulates the 2.4 GHz RF signal to quadrature baseband signals and converts them

to the digital domain with two high-resolution, high-speed ADCs. To adapt to varying signal channel conditions,

RF filters, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), DC offset cancelation circuits and baseband filters are integrated in the

chip.

3.4.2 2.4 GHz Transmitter

The 2.4 GHz transmitter modulates the quadrature baseband signals to the 2.4 GHz RF signal, and drives the an-

tenna with a high-powered Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) power amplifier. The use of digital

calibration further improves the linearity of the power amplifier, enabling state-of-the-art performance in delivering

up to +20.5 dBm of power for an 802.11b transmission and +18 dBm for an 802.11n transmission.

Additional calibrations are integrated to cancel any radio imperfections, such as:

• Carrier leakage

• I/Q phase matching

• Baseband nonlinearities

• RF nonlinearities

• Antenna matching

These built-in calibration routines reduce the amount of time required for product testing, and render the testing

equipment unnecessary.

3.4.3 Clock Generator

The clock generator produces quadrature clock signals of 2.4 GHz for both the receiver and the transmitter. All

components of the clock generator are integrated into the chip, including all inductors, varactors, filters, regulators

and dividers.

The clock generator has built-in calibration and self-test circuits. Quadrature clock phases and phase noise are

optimized on-chip with patented calibration algorithms which ensure the best performance of the receiver and the

transmitter.

3.5 Wi-Fi

ESP32 implements a TCP/IP and full 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi MAC protocol. It supports the Basic Service Set (BSS)

STA and SoftAP operations under the Distributed Control Function (DCF). Power management is handled with

minimal host interaction to minimize the active-duty period.

Espressif Systems

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ESP32 Datasheet V3.4

ESP32 Datasheet(PDF) 27 Page - ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS (SHANGHAI) CO., LTD.