OPA2140AIDR datasheet(19/48 Pages) TI

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7.3.8 Electrical Overstress

Designers often ask questions about the capability of an operational amplifier to withstand electrical overstress.

These questions tend to focus on the device inputs, but may involve the supply voltage pins or even the output

pin. Each of these different pin functions have electrical stress limits determined by the voltage breakdown

characteristics of the particular semiconductor fabrication process and specific circuits connected to the pin.

Additionally, internal electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is built into these circuits to protect them from

accidental ESD events both before and during product assembly.

It is helpful to have a good understanding of this basic ESD circuitry and its relevance to an electrical overstress

event. Equivalent Internal ESD Circuitry and Its Relation to a Typical Circuit Application shows an illustration

of the ESD circuits contained in the OPAx140 series (indicated by the dashed line area). The ESD protection

circuitry involves several current-steering diodes connected from the input and output pins and routed back to

the internal power-supply lines, where they meet at an absorption device internal to the operational amplifier.

This protection circuitry is intended to remain inactive during normal circuit operation.

OpAmp

Core

(1)

-In

Out

+In

ESDCurrent-

SteeringDiodes

Edge-TriggeredESD

AbsorptionCircuit

-V

-VS

OPA140

(3)

TVS

(2)

TVS

(2)

(1) VIN = +VS + 500 mV.

(2) TVS: +VS(max) > VTVSBR (Min) > +VS

(3) Suggested value approximately 1 kΩ.

Figure 7-5. Equivalent Internal ESD Circuitry and Its Relation to a Typical Circuit Application

An ESD event produces a short duration, high-voltage pulse that is transformed into a short duration, high-

current pulse as it discharges through a semiconductor device. The ESD protection circuits are designed to

provide a current path around the operational amplifier core to prevent it from being damaged. The energy

absorbed by the protection circuitry is then dissipated as heat.

When an ESD voltage develops across two or more of the amplifier device pins, current flows through one or

more of the steering diodes. Depending on the path that the current takes, the absorption device may activate.

The absorption device has a trigger, or threshold voltage, that is above the normal operating voltage of the

OPAx140 but below the device breakdown voltage level. Once this threshold is exceeded, the absorption device

quickly activates and clamps the voltage across the supply rails to a safe level.

When the operational amplifier connects into a circuit such as the one Equivalent Internal ESD Circuitry and

Its Relation to a Typical Circuit Application shows, the ESD protection components are intended to remain

inactive and not become involved in the application circuit operation. However, circumstances may arise where

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OPA140, OPA2140, OPA4140

SBOS498E – JULY 2010 – REVISED JULY 2021

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