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5.9.1.2 IPIPE - Image Pipe

TMS320DM355

Digital Media System-on-Chip (DMSoC)

SPRS463D – SEPTEMBER 2007 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008

corrected.

• Support for program lens shading correction.

• Support for 10-bit to 8-bit A-law compression.

• Support for a low-pass filter prior to writing to SDRAM. If this filter is enabled, 2 pixels each in the left

and right edges of each line are cropped from the output.

• Support for generating output to range from 14-bits to 8-bits wide (8-bits wide allows for 50% saving in

storage area).

• Support for down sampling via programmable culling patterns.

• Ability to control output to the DDR2 via an external write enable signal.

• Support for up to 32K pixels (image size) in both the horizontal and vertical direction.

The hardware Image Pipe (IPIPE) is a programmable hardware image processing module that is

responsible for transforming raw (unprocessed) image/video data from a sensor (CMOS or CCD) into

YCbCr 422 data that is amenable for compression or display. The IPIPE can also be configured to operate

in a resize only mode, which allows YCbCr 422 to be resized without applying the processing of every

module in the IPIPE. Typically, the output of the IPIPE is used for both video compression and displaying

it on an external display device such as a NTSC/PAL analog encoder or a digital LCD. The IPIPE is

programmed via control and parameter registers. The following features are supported by the IPIPE.

• The input interface extracts valid raw data from the CCD raw data, and then various modules in IPIPE

process the raw CCD data.

• The 2D noise filter module reduces impulse noise in the raw data and adjusts the resolution of the

input image.

• The 2D pre-filter adjusts the resolution of the input image and remove line crawl noise.

• The white balance module applies two gain adjustments to the data: a digital gain (total gain) and a

white balance gain.

• The Color Filter Array (CFA) interpolation module implements CFA interpolation. The output from the

CFA interpolation module is always RGB formatted data.

• The RGB2RGB blending module applies a 3x3 matrix transform to the RGB data generated by the

CFA interpolation module.

• The gamma correction module independently applies gamma correction to each RGB component.

Gamma is implemented using a piece-wise linear interpolation approach with a 512 entry look up table

for each color.

• The RGB2YCbCr conversion module applies 3x3 matrix transformation to the RGB data to convert it to

YCbCr data. This module also implements offset.

• The 4:2:2 conversion module applies the chroma low pass filter and down samples Cb and Cr, so that

IPIPE output data is in YCbCr-4:2:2 format.

• The 2D edge enhancer module improves image clarity with luminance non-linear filter. This module

also has contrast and brightness adjustment functions.

• The chroma suppression module reduces faulty-color using luminance (Y) value or high-pass-filtering Y

value. The H-resizer and V-resizer modules resize horizontal and vertical image sizes, respectively.

• The output interface module transfers data from IPIPE to SDRAM, in the form of YCbCr-422 or RGB

(32bit/16bit).

• The histogram function can record histograms of up to 4 distinct areas into up to 256 bins.

• IPIPE has three different processing paths:

–

Case 1: The CCD raw data directly leads to IPIPE and stores the YCbCr (or RGB) data to SDRAM.

–

Case 2: IPIPE reads CCD raw data and stores the Bayer pattern data after white balance to

SDRAM.

–

Case 3: IPIPE reads YCbCr-422 data and apply edge enhance, chroma suppression and Resize to

output YCbCr (or RGB) data to SDRAM.

DM355 Peripheral Information and Electrical Specifications

116

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