AD7715 datasheet(18/31 Pages) AD

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REV. C

AD7715

–18–

“full-scale” points. These points are derived by performing a

conversion on the different input voltages provided to the input

of the modulator during calibration. As a result, the accuracy of

the calibration can only be as good as the noise level that it

provides in normal mode. The result of the “zero-scale” calibra-

tion conversion is stored in the Zero-Scale Calibration Register

while the result of the “full-scale” calibration conversion is

stored in the Full-Scale Calibration Register. With these read-

ings, the on-chip microcontroller can calculate the offset and the

gain slope for the input to output transfer function of the con-

verter. Internally, the part works with a resolution of 33 bits to

determine its conversion result of 16 bits.

Self-Calibration

A self-calibration is initiated on the AD7715 by writing the

appropriate values (0, 1) to the MD1 and MD0 bits of the

Setup Register. In the self-calibration mode with a unipolar

input range, the zero-scale point used in determining the cali-

bration coefficients is with the inputs of the differential pair

internally shorted on the part (i.e., AIN(+) = AIN(–) = Internal

Bias Voltage). The PGA is set for the selected gain (as per G1

and G0 bits in the Communications Register) for this zero-scale

calibration conversion. The full-scale calibration conversion is

performed at the selected gain on an internally generated voltage

of VREF/Selected Gain.

The duration time for the calibration is 6

× 1/Output Rate. This

is made up of 3

× 1/Output Rate for the zero-scale calibration

and 3

× 1/Output Rate for the full-scale calibration. At this time

the MD1 and MD0 bits in the Setup Register return to 0, 0.

This gives the earliest indication that the calibration sequence is

complete. The

DRDY line goes high when calibration is initi-

ated and does not return low until there is a valid new word in

the data register. The duration time from the calibration com-

mand being issued to

DRDY going low is 9

× 1/Output Rate.

This is made up of 3

× 1/Output Rate for the zero-scale calibra-

tion, 3

× 1/Output Rate for the full-scale calibration, 3 × 1/

Output Rate for a conversion on the analog input and some

overhead to set up the coefficients correctly. If

DRDY is low

before (or goes low during) the calibration command write to

the Setup Register, it may take up to one modulator cycle

(MCLK IN/128) before

DRDY goes high to indicate that cali-

bration is in progress. Therefore,

DRDY should be ignored for

up to one modulator cycle after the last bit is written to the

Setup Register in the calibration command.

For bipolar input ranges in the self-calibrating mode, the se-

quence is very similar to that just outlined. In this case, the two

points are exactly the same as above, but since the part is config-

ured for bipolar operation, the shorted inputs point is actually

midscale of the transfer function.

System Calibration

System calibration allows the AD7715 to compensate for system

gain and offset errors as well as its own internal errors. System

calibration performs the same slope factor calculations as self-

calibration but uses voltage values presented by the system to

the AIN inputs for the zero- and full-scale points. Full System

calibration requires a two step process, a ZS System Calibration

followed by a FS System Calibration.

For a full system calibration, the zero-scale point must be pre-

sented to the converter first. It must be applied to the converter

before the calibration step is initiated and remain stable until the

step is complete. Once the system zero scale voltage has been set

up, a ZS System Calibration is then initiated by writing the ap-

propriate values (1, 0) to the MD1 and MD0 bits of the Setup

selected gain. The duration of the calibration is 3

× 1/Output

Rate. At this time the MD1 and MD0 bits in the Setup Register

return to 0, 0. This gives the earliest indication that the calibration

sequence is complete. The

DRDY line goes high when calibration

is initiated and does not return low until there is a valid new

word in the data register. The duration time from the calibra-

tion command being issued to

DRDY going low is 4

× 1/Output

Rate as the part performs a normal conversion on the AIN volt-

age before

DRDY goes low. If DRDY is low before (or goes low

during) the calibration command write to the Setup Register, it

may take up to one modulator cycle (MCLK IN/128) before

DRDY goes high to indicate that calibration is in progress.

Therefore,

DRDY should be ignored for up to one modulator

cycle after the last bit is written to the Setup Register in the

calibration command.

After the zero-scale point is calibrated, the full-scale point is

applied to AIN and the second step of the calibration process is

initiated by again writing the appropriate values (1, 1) to MD1

and MD0. Again the full-scale voltage must be set up before

the calibration is initiated and it must remain stable throughout

the calibration step. The full-scale system calibration is per-

formed at the selected gain. The duration of the calibration is

× 1/Output Rate. At this time the MD1 and MD0 bits in the

Setup Register return to 0, 0. This gives the earliest indication

that the calibration sequence is complete. The

DRDY line goes

high when calibration is initiated and does not return low until

there is a valid new word in the data register. The duration time

from the calibration command being issued to

DRDY going low

is 4

× 1/Output Rate as the part performs a normal conversion

on the AIN voltage before

DRDY goes low. If DRDY is low

before (or goes low during) the calibration command, write to

the Setup Register, it may take up to one modulator cycle

(MCLK IN/128) before

DRDY goes high to indicate that cali-

bration is in progress. Therefore,

DRDY should be ignored for

up to one modulator cycle after the last bit is written to the

Setup Register in the calibration command.

In the unipolar mode, the system calibration is performed be-

tween the two endpoints of the transfer function; in the bipolar

mode, it is performed between midscale (zero differential volt-

age) and positive full scale.

The fact that the system calibration is a two-step calibration

offers another feature. After the sequence of a full system cali-

bration has been completed, additional offset or gain calibra-

tions can be performed by themselves to adjust the system zero

reference point or the system gain. Calibrating one of the pa-

rameters, either system offset or system gain, will not affect the

other parameter.

System calibration can also be used to remove any errors from

source impedances on the analog input when the part is used in

unbuffered mode. A simple R, C antialiasing filter on the front

end may introduce a gain error on the analog input voltage but

the system calibration can be used to remove this error.

Span and Offset Limits

Whenever a system calibration mode is used, there are limits on

the amount of offset and span which can be accommodated.

The overriding requirement in determining the amount of offset

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