AT91SAM9G20 datasheet(43/832 Pages) ATMEL

43 / 832 page

6384D–ATARM–04-May-09

AT91SAM9G20 Preliminary

The ARM state register set contains 16 directly-accessible registers, r0 to r15, and an additional

registers used to hold either data or address values. Register r14 is used as a Link register that

holds a value (return address) of r15 when BL or BLX is executed. Register r15 is used as a pro-

gram counter (PC), whereas the Current Program Status Register (CPSR) contains condition

code flags and the current mode bits.

In privileged modes (FIQ, Supervisor, Abort, IRQ, Undefined), mode-specific banked registers

(r8 to r14 in FIQ mode or r13 to r14 in the other modes) become available. The corresponding

banked registers r14_fiq, r14_svc, r14_abt, r14_irq, r14_und are similarly used to hold the val-

ues (return address for each mode) of r15 (PC) when interrupts and exceptions arise, or when

BL or BLX instructions are executed within interrupt or exception routines. There is another reg-

ister called Saved Program Status Register (SPSR) that becomes available in privileged modes

instead of CPSR. This register contains condition code flags and the current mode bits saved as

a result of the exception that caused entry to the current (privileged) mode.

In all modes and due to a software agreement, register r13 is used as stack pointer.

The use and the function of all the registers described above should obey ARM Procedure Call

Standard (APCS) which defines:

• constraints on the use of registers

• stack conventions

• argument passing and result return

For more details, refer to ARM Software Development Kit.

The Thumb state register set is a subset of the ARM state set. The programmer has direct

access to:

• Eight general-purpose registers r0-r7

• Stack pointer, SP

• Link register, LR (ARM r14)

•PC

• CPSR

R12R12

R12

R12_FIQ

R13

R13_SVC

R13_ABORT

R13_UNDEF

R13_IRQ

R13_FIQ

R14

R14_SVC

R14_ABORT

R14_UNDEF

R14_IRQ

R14_FIQ

CPSR

SPSR_SVC

SPSR_ABOR

SPSR_UNDE

SPSR_IRQ

SPSR_FIQ

Mode-specific banked registers

Table 11-1.

ARM9TDMI Modes and Registers Layout (Continued)

User and

System Mode

Supervisor

Mode

Abort Mode

Undefined

Mode

Interrupt

Mode

Fast Interrupt

Mode

AT91SAM9G20 Datasheet(PDF) 43 Page - ATMEL Corporation

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