82G33 datasheet(360/437 Pages) INTEL

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Functional Description

360

Datasheet

10.5

Integrated Graphics Controller (Intel® 82Q35,

82Q33, 82G33 GMCH Only)

The major components in the Integrated Graphics Device (IGD) are the engines,

planes, pipes, and ports. The GMCH has a 3D/2D instruction processing unit to control

the 3D and 2D engines. The IGD’s 3D and 2D engines are fed with data through the

memory controller. The output of the engines are surfaces sent to memory that are

then retrieved and processed by the GMCH planes.

The GMCH contains a variety of planes, such as display, overlay, cursor and VGA. A

plane consists of rectangular shaped image that has characteristics such as source,

size, position, method, and format. These planes get attached to source surfaces that

are rectangular memory surfaces with a similar set of characteristics. They are also

associated with a particular destination pipe.

A pipe consists of a set of combined planes and a timing generator. The GMCH has

two independent display pipes, allowing for support of two independent display

streams. A port is the destination for the result of the pipe. The GMCH contains three

display ports; 1 analog (DAC) and two digital (SDVO ports B and C). The ports will be

explained in more detail later in this chapter.

The entire IGD is fed with data from its memory controller. The GMCH’s graphics

performance is directly related to the amount of bandwidth available. If the engines

are not receiving data fast enough from the memory controller (e.g., single-channel

DDR3 1066), the rest of the IGD will also be affected.

The rest of this chapter will focus on explaining the IGD components, their limitations,

and dependencies.

10.5.1

3D Graphics Pipeline

The GMCH graphics is the next step in the evolution of integrated graphics. In addition

to running the graphics engine at 400 MHz, the GMCH graphics has two pixel pipelines

that provide a 1.3 GB/s fill rate that enables an excellent consumer gaming

experience.

The 3D graphics pipeline for the GMCH has a deep pipelined architecture in which each

stage can simultaneously operate on different primitives or on different portions of the

same primitive. The 3D graphics pipeline is divided into four major stages: geometry

processing, setup (vertex processing), texture application, and rasterization.

The GMCH graphics is optimized for use with current and future Intel® processors for

advance software based transform and lighting techniques (geometry processing) as

defined by the Microsoft DirectX* API. The other three stages of 3D processing are

handled on the integrated graphics device. The setup stage is responsible for vertex

processing; converting vertices to pixels. The texture application stage applies

textures to pixels. The rasterization engine takes textured pixels and applies lighting

and other environmental affects to produce the final pixel value. From the

rasterization stage, the final pixel value is written to the frame buffer in memory so it

can be displayed.

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